Japanese Name Culture Encyclopedia

Exploring the art and tradition of naming

Historical Naming Traditions

Nara Period (710-794)

During the Nara period, Japanese nobles often used single-character Chinese-style names. This era was heavily influenced by Tang Dynasty culture, and names typically reflected natural elements or ideal qualities.

Name Examples

(Hikari) - Meaning "light"

(Ha) - Meaning "leaf"

Heian Period (794-1185)

The Heian period was a golden age for Japanese culture. Nobles used complex naming systems including surnames, formal names, and nicknames. Women were often named after elegant natural elements.

Name Examples

(Murasaki Shikibu) - Famous female author

(Sei Shōnagon) - Famous female author

Edo Period (1603-1868)

During the Edo period, most people began to have both surnames and given names. Samurai families placed high importance on the meaning of names, often choosing characters that expressed courage and loyalty. Common formats were single or double-character names.

Name Examples

(Musashi) - Emphasizing martial arts

(Yukimura) - Expressing happiness and ideal village

Meiji Period (1868-1912)

After the Meiji Restoration, Japan opened to the world and modernized. The government required all citizens to have surnames. Names during this period reflected both hopes for the new era and traditional values.

Name Examples

(Meiji) - Meaning "enlightened rule"

(Shin'ichi) - Meaning "new first"

Regional Differences

Different regions of Japan have unique preferences and traditions for naming, reflecting local culture, history, and environmental factors.

Kantō Region

Tokyo and surrounding areas tend to use more modern, shorter names. Kanji choices are often simpler with clear pronunciations.

Common names: (Daisuke), (Misaki)

Characteristics: Practicality, modern sensibility

Kansai Region

Kyoto, Osaka, and other areas often preserve more traditional elements, with names sometimes containing classical cultural references.

Common names: (Kyoko), (Kazuya)

Characteristics: Historical sense, traditional flair

Tōhoku Region

Influenced by harsh climate, names in the northeastern region often express qualities of resilience and strength.

Common names: (Tsuyoshi), (Yukiko)

Characteristics: Strength, endurance

Kyushu Region

As Japan's southernmost major island, Kyushu names often express vitality and warmth.

Common names: (Yoichi), (Yoko)

Characteristics: Vitality, sunshine

Significance of Kanji

In Japanese culture, kanji characters used in names not only convey pronunciation but also express deeper meanings and parents' hopes for their children.

Virtues & Qualities

Makoto
Honesty, sincerity
Chū
Loyalty, devotion
Filial piety
Courage, bravery

Nature & Elements

Kai/Umi
Ocean, vastness
San/Yama
Mountain, solidity
Ka/Hana
Flower, beauty
Getsu/Tsuki
Moon, elegance

Beauty & Happiness

Mi
Beauty, excellence
Ai
Love, affection
Kō/Sachi
Happiness, fortune
Fuku
Blessing, good luck

Naming Ceremonies

In Japan, naming a child isn't just about choosing a name, but includes important cultural rituals and traditions.

Naming Ceremony (Meimei-shiki)

Traditionally, Japanese babies are given their names in a ceremony held on the seventh day after birth. Family members gather to formally announce the baby's name. Grandfathers often have the privilege of choosing names for grandchildren, especially for firstborn sons.

1
Parents or grandparents choose the name
2
Prepare naming document (Meimei-yōshi)
3
Pay respects at family shrine
4
Formally announce the name
5
Hold celebration feast

Naming Superstitions & Beliefs

Several traditional beliefs exist around Japanese naming practices:

  • Lucky and unlucky stroke counts - Certain total numbers of strokes are believed to bring good or bad fortune
  • Avoiding overly complex kanji - Legend says children may struggle to carry the "weight" of complex names
  • Compatibility with zodiac sign - Choosing names appropriate for the child's birth year in the Chinese zodiac
  • Avoiding names with negative historical associations or that sound similar to unfortunate words